Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine. It is a functional disorder, meaning there is no structural or biochemical abnormality, but the way the digestive system functions is altered. IBS is characterized by chronic abdominal pain, discomfort, bloating, and changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea, constipation, or both.
Causes:
The exact cause of IBS is not known, but several factors may contribute to its development, including:
- Abnormal gastrointestinal motility (muscle contractions in the digestive tract)
- Increased sensitivity to pain in the gut
- Altered gut microbiota (bacterial community in the gut)
- Psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, or depression
- Food intolerances or sensitivities
dosha:
In Ayurveda, IBS is considered a disorder of the pitta dosha, which is responsible for the digestion and metabolism of food. Pitta imbalance can cause inflammation and irritation in the digestive tract, leading to symptoms of IBS.
Danger without treatment:
IBS is not life-threatening, but it can significantly affect a person’s quality of life, leading to physical, emotional, and social distress. It can also lead to nutritional deficiencies, dehydration, and fatigue.
Symptoms:
The symptoms of IBS can vary from person to person, but the most common ones include:
- Abdominal pain or cramping
- Bloating and gas
- Diarrhea, constipation, or alternating between the two
- Mucus in the stool
- The feeling of an incomplete bowel movement
- Fatigue
- Nausea
Precautions:
- Identify and avoid trigger foods such as dairy, wheat, or high-fat foods.
- Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day.
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water and avoiding caffeinated and carbonated beverages.
- Get regular exercise to improve digestion and reduce stress.
- Practice relaxation techniques such as yoga or meditation to manage stress.
- Avoid smoking and alcohol, which can irritate the digestive tract.
- Get enough sleep to reduce stress and fatigue.
- Consider probiotics or prebiotics to improve gut health.
- Keep a food and symptom diary to identify trigger foods and patterns.
- Consult a healthcare provider for a personalized treatment plan.
Facts from WHO:
IBS affects an estimated 10-15% of the global population and is more common in women than men. It is a significant burden on healthcare systems, as it often requires multiple visits to healthcare providers and diagnostic tests. However, IBS is often underdiagnosed and undertreated, leading to unnecessary suffering and reduced quality of life for patients.